Residency Obligation (Canada PR)
The residency obligation is the rule that a Canadian permanent resident must be physically present in Canada for at least 730 days (2 years) in every 5-year period to keep their status. The days do not need to be continuous.
How it works and exceptions
Days outside Canada can count in limited cases:
- Accompanying a spouse, common-law partner, or parent who is a Canadian citizen.
- Working full time outside Canada for a Canadian business or the Canadian public service.
- Accompanying a PR spouse, partner, or parent in that same type of work.
Failing the obligation does not end your status automatically. An officer must decide, for example when you apply for a PRTD or PR card renewal, or at the border. You can appeal to the IAD. It is separate from the citizenship rule of 1,095 days in 5 years. See our residency obligation guide and calculator.
Frequently asked questions
Do the 730 days have to be in a row?
No. Any combination of days in the 5-year period counts.
What if I have been a PR for less than 5 years?
You must be able to meet 730 days by your fifth anniversary.
Can I lose PR status for living abroad?
Yes, if an officer finds you did not meet the obligation and you do not win on appeal or humanitarian grounds.
Official sources
- IRCC: Understand PR statuscanada.ca
General information, not legal advice. NorthAmericans.com is independent and not affiliated with any government.